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???????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????. ??? ??? 2019? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? African Archaeological Review? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? 2023. ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????.

??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????. ?? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???????. ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???: ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? (????????: ????? ????)? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????.

??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????. ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????????.

??? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????. ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????. ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????. ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????. ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? (???????? ??????? ?????????) ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????. ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????.

?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????. ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????. ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????. ???? ????? ???:

Akin ?m? Ogundiran

Akin t?? fojooj?m? ???e akin

On?m?? t?? f? l??l??l??

T?? f?m?? j?j?nr?r? f?n m?t?m?w?

?m? Ogundiran al?gbada ?m??

T?n?l?- t?lej? ? b?mu- b?w??

Akinwumi awal??p?tan

T?? lam? l?j? s?t?n oun ?r??b?

?y? t? sodo s?l?? ?f?r?k?

?l?? o ?k?k? g?g?r?

?y? t? ? l?n? or?k? f?r?m?d??

B? mo w? ? w?l?

Akin d?kun f?m?? ?t?n t?mil??r?

K? n le d?p?t?n ??k?l?

T? t??r?-t?m? ? w?r? f?n

B? f?n mi n?n? ?m? ?m?? r?

B? o ti ?e f’?l?ra oun Ajer?

K? k?k? j?j?

B? akin bi akin l?m? Iba ? ?e

K? n? r? ?

Agara ? n? d? ?

I??? ?y? El?d?? gb? l? ? l??w??

P??p?? low? ? ?ar??

?t??p?? l?s?? ? t??n?

Koko lara ?ta ? le.

Professor Akin Ogundiran:
The Serenity of Strength

Toyin Falola